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Tulsa

Tulsa is the second-largest city in Oklahoma. As of 2003 the estimate for the city population was 387,807. Tulsa is the 45th largest city in the United States and the 93rd largest city in North America. It is the county seat of Tulsa County. The ... more »

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Tulsa is the second-largest city in Oklahoma. As of 2003 the estimate for the city population was 387,807. Tulsa is the 45th largest city in the United States and the 93rd largest city in North America. It is the county seat of Tulsa County.

The part of the state in which Tulsa lies is often referred to as "Green Country," a reference to the Oklahoma Department of Tourism's designation for Northeastern Oklahoma. Also, once coined as "America's Most Beautiful City" in the middle part of the 20th Century by magazines and as a tourism tactic, the nickname remains as a tribute to Tulsa's heritage in art (the city spends millions of dollars each year in public art), its art deco architecture, its 6,000-acre park system, and its location in a typically-lush area of the Ozarks foothills.

Tulsa is the cultural and arts center of Oklahoma, boasting several world-renowned art museums and the third largest instance of art deco architecture in the country, behind New York City and Miami, Florida. Many of Tulsa's downtown skyscrapers and also entire neighborhoods were constructed with art deco architecture, and the city is often referred to as "Terra Cotta City," accordingly.

In 2005, Tulsa was selected as one of "America's Most Livable Large Cities."

Tulsa, located in the northeastern corner of Oklahoma, lies between the edge of the Great Plains and the foot of the Ozark Mountains in a generally forested region of rolling hills.

The city serves as the gateway to "Green Country," a popular and official designated name for northeast Oklahoma due to the region's dense green vegetation and relatively high amount of hills and lakes compared to that of Central and Western Oklahoma (which have geography similar to "the Great Plains" region of the U.S.). Northeastern Oklahoma contains more than half of the state's registered state parks and six of Oklahoma's 11 ecosystems, as well as the state's most diversified agricultural economy and outdoor sports and recreation industry.

Tulsa is also near the heart of Tornado Alley, a region known to experience more tornadoes on average than any other area in the world.

The city is split by the prominent Arkansas River, with the largest portion occupying the eastern bank. Tulsa is heavily wooded, with abundant parks and water areas including Woodward Park, McClure Park, LaFortune Park, Florence Park, Chandler Park, and over 6,000 acres of public park space. Mohawk Park, location of the Tulsa Zoo, contains 11 km² (2,800 acres) and is the largest park in Tulsa and the 3rd largest municipal park in the United States.

The city's RiverParks Authority maintains an extensive park system along the Arkansas River, housing picnic areas, playgrounds, public art and plazas, and an extensive bike and hiking trail system. In addition, the city has been enticing developers to develop along the river. The "Riverwalk Crossing," a dining, shopping and entertainment walking district aside the Oklahoma Aquarium in Jenks, is the most recent realization of those plans. Other river developments are currently under construction or planned from Sand Springs on the north end of the river, to Bixby, on the southern part of the river.

Things to do
With the city's interesting mix of Southern settlers, Northern oilmen, and Western ranchers and thanks to Tulsa's location in an area rich with Native American history and culture, the city and surrounding areas are home to many unique museums and attractions.

Tulsa’s culture is apparent in the city’s most prominent art museums, the Philbrook Museum of Art, and Thomas Gilcrease Museum of Art. The Philbrook is a fine art museum on the former estate of oil pioneer Waite Phillips. The museum is the largest estate in one of Tulsa’s former oil baron neighborhoods noted for impressive and elaborate art deco style mansions. Distinguished for original artwork, the museum building itself is an award winning piece of artwork. The expansive grounds of the museum are an elaborate and recently renovated garden. Thomas Gilcrease Museum of Art houses the largest collection of American Western and American Indian art in the United States, and is located north of downtown Tulsa in the Osage Hills. The new Oklahoma Aquarium is the state’s only freestanding aquarium, and boasts a 500,000 gallon walk-through shark tank, located in the suburb of Jenks, Oklahoma.

Other important museums and cultural centers include: the new the Tulsa Air and Space Museum, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art, which houses the largest collection of Judaica in the Southwest United States, the Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame, the Tulsa Geosciences Center, the Will Rogers Memorial in Claremore, Oklahoma, Tulsa Historical Center, next to the Tulsa Garden Center, the J.M. Davis Arms and Historical Museum, home of the largest private gun collection in the world, and Greenwood Cultural Center, which preserves the history of The Black Wall Street prior to the Tulsa Race Riot.

Parks, Gardens and Nature Preserves
The City of Tulsa manages 140 parks covering roughly 6,000 acres, featuring nature centers, golf courses, 21 swimming pools, 156 sports fields, 115 playgrounds, 123 tennis courts, 25 water playgrounds, The River SkatePark, 60 picnic shelters, 14 community centers, fitness facilities, gymnasiums, meeting rooms and facilities, trails and more. The Tulsa Zoo and Living Museum, north of the city in Mohawk Park, was named in 2005 as "America's Favorite Zoo" by Microsoft Game Studios as a promotion for their "Zoo Tycoon 2" computer game. The city parks system also operates an “Urban Wilderness Area” covering a nearby mountain, featuring hiking trails and scenic vistas. It is called the "Turkey Mountain Urban Wilderness Area" and is located on the east bank of the Arkansas River overlooking downtown Tulsa.

Performing Arts
Tulsa's performing arts community has had a significant influence in American pop culture history. Cain's Ballroom, often considered the birthplace of Western Swing because it was the headquarters of Bob Wills, has played host to a number of famous musicians. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Tulsa’s “Discoveryland!,” is designated as the official performance headquarters of Rodgers & Hammerstein's "Oklahoma”, and features a western town and daily performances in summer. The Tulsa Performing Arts Center, is the largest and primary performing arts venue in the city, but other performing arts theaters include: The Brady Theater, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the Clark Theatre, the The Nightingale Theater, and the Tulsa Spotlight Theatre. Theater groups in Tulsa include, Theatre Tulsa, Tulsa Ballet, Tulsa Opera, Tulsa Symphony Orchestra, and Tulsa Oratorio Chorus.

Festivals and Events
Tulsa’s diverse culture is well represented has a wide variety of events year-round, the largest of which being the Tulsa State Fair, ongoing in late September and early October, which attracts over 1 million people during its few-week span.

Tulsa’s Oktoberfest was recently named one of the 10 in the world by USA Today.

Among the most popular events are, Tulsa Mayfest, Tulsa Oktoberfest, the Juneteenth Blues and Jazz Festival, the OK Mozart Festival in nearby Bartlesville, the Blue Dome Arts Festival, and the Gateway Balloon Festival.

Amusement Parks
Tulsa currently has two main amusement park attractions.

Bell's Amusement Park, a Coney Island-style amusement park, features Oklahoma’s largest wooden Roller Coaster and one of the tallest drop-towers in the southwest.

Big Splash water park, located next door to Bell’s Amusement Park, features several multi-story waterslides and a large wave pool.

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History *

What was to ultimately become Tulsa was first a part of Indian Territory. The Lochapoka Creek settled the current Tulsa area between 1828 and 1836 after they had been driven from their native Alabama. Much of modern Tulsa is located in the Creek Nation, with parts located in the Cherokee Nation and Osage Nation.

In August 1882, the St. Louis and San Francisco Railway, later called the Frisco, completed the extension of its line to Tulsa to serve the cattle business, the city's first industry. Tulsa, during this time, was referred to as "Tulsey Town."

Tulsa changed from a small Indian town to a boomtown with the discovery of oil in 1901 at Red Fork, a small community southwest of Tulsa. Wildcatters and investors flooded into the city and the town began to take shape. In 1905, the Glenn Pool oil field was discovered. This laid the foundation for Tulsa to become a world leader in oil and many oil and gas businesses. By the time Oklahoma achieved statehood in 1907, Tulsa had a population of 7,298.

By 1920, the population boomed to 72,000. The second surge of oil discoveries occurred between 1915 and 1930 and firmly established Tulsa as the "Oil Capital of the World." Wealthy families poured their oil fortunes into new construction throughout the city, primarily with art deco architecture. It is said that private organizations and wealthy families poured over $1 million a day into art deco style building projects during Tulsa's upswing as an oil Mecca. Today, Tulsa's older business districts and neighborhoods are part of the largest collection of art deco architecture in the country. Another community that flourished in Tulsa during the oil boom was Greenwood. Known nationally as "Black Wall Street," the neighborhood was a hotbed of jazz and blues in the 1920s. In 1921, it was also the site of the Tulsa Race Riot, one of the nation's worst acts of racial violence.

Following the "Oil Bust" of 1982-84, the title of "Oil Capital of the World" was basically relinquished to Houston, and city leaders began working to diversify the city away from a largely petroleum-based economy. Other industries, such as aerospace and aviation, have taken a more prevalent role in the city's economy, especially in the years following World War II, in which Tulsa served as a major construction port for the Air Force.

Many key families and people played important roles in the history of Tulsa, including the Perryman Family, the Phillips family (Frank Phillips, who founded Phillips Petroleum Company, and his brother Waite Phillips), J. Paul Getty, William G. Skelly, the Warren family, the Murphy family, the LaFortune Family, the Bartlett family, Thomas Gilcrease, and Chef Kelly L. Crisp.


Weather  *

Tulsa has a temperate climate of the continental variety. As is typical for the temperate zone, Tulsa's climate varies throughout the seasons and experiences occasional extremes.

Summer temperatures of 40°C (100°F) or higher are often observed from July to early September. These are usually accompanied by high humidity, caused by warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico brought in by southerly winds. Between May and September, Tulsa also experiences an "Ozone Season", caused by a combination of factors including climate and hydrocarbon emissions. During this season, Tulsa frequency issues "Ozone Alerts ", encouraging all parties to do their part in complying with the Clean Air Act and E.P.A. standards.

Temperature - Yearly Average

Winter temperatures, while generally mild, also occassionally experience extremes below -20°C (0°F).

The fall season is quite short, consisting of a brief period of pleasant, sunny days and cool nights.

Primarily during the spring and early summer months, the Tulsa area is often subjected to severe thunderstorms, some of which contain large hail, damaging winds and, not infrequently, tornadoes. Severe weather is not limited, though, to this season. On December 5th 1975, for example, Tulsa experienced a damaging tornado.

The spring and early summer thunderstorm pattern also provides the area with a disproportionate share of its annual rainfall, which averages around 100 cm (39 inches). Due to frequent flooding in past decades, Tulsa now has one of the most extensive flood control systems in the nation. In 2000, FEMA honored Tulsa as leading the nation in flood plain management.

Transportation *

Tulsa International Airport
Tulsa is served by Tulsa International Airport (TUL) to the north and Richard L. Jones, Jr. Airport (RVS) to the south. TUL is home to eleven commercial airlines, seven cargo carriers, and several charter airlines which serve nearly 3 million travelers annually with almost 80 departures every day. The airport is under expansion, and according to its website is adding several restaurants and shops as well as "expanded seating areas, convenient restrooms, and real time flight information." The impact of airport operations on the surrounding community is nearly $3.2 billion annually.

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RVS, also known as Riverside airport, is located in Jenks. The airport saw 285,484 takeoffs and landings in 2004, making it the busiest airport in the state of Oklahoma. Much of this traffic is from the six flights schools which operate over 500 aircraft out of the airport. RVS operations generate over $3.2 million annually.

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* This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
   It uses material from the Source wikipedia.

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